Physiological Adaptations to Life in Space: An Update

Authors

  • Isadora de Carvalho e Silva Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga – Escola de Medicina – Ponte Nova/MG – Brazil.
  • Thais Russomano Universidade de Lisboa – Faculdade de Medicina – Centro de Estudos de Medicina Aeroespacial – Lisboa – Portugal | InnovaSpace – London – United Kingdom | Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – Space & Extreme Environment Research Center – Porto Alegre/RS – Brazil.
  • Ricardo Alves Ferreira Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – Space & Extreme Environment Research Center – Porto Alegre/RS – Brazil |Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Núcleo de Bioética e Ética Aplicada – Rio de Janeiro/RJ – Brazil.
  • Marli do Carmo Cupertino Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga – Escola de Medicina – Ponte Nova/MG – Brazil.
  • Fabíola Alves Alcântara Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – Space & Extreme Environment Research Center – Porto Alegre/RS – Brazil |Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Núcleo de Bioética e Ética Aplicada – Rio de Janeiro/RJ – Brazil.
  • Mauro Geller Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro – Instituto de Pediatria e Puericultura Martagão Gesteira – Rio de Janeiro/RJ – Brazil | New York University – School of Medicine – New York/NY – United States.
  • Oswaldo Monteiro Del Cima Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – Space & Extreme Environment Research Center – Porto Alegre/RS – Brazil | Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Unidade de Mergulho Científico e Departamento de Física – Viçosa/MG – Brazil.
  • Rodrigo Siqueira-Batista Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga – Escola de Medicina – Ponte Nova/MG – Brazil | Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre – Space & Extreme Environment Research Center – Porto Alegre/RS – Brazil | Universidade Federal de Viçosa – Unidade de Mergulho Científico e Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem – Viçosa (MG) – Brazil.

Keywords:

Aerospace medicine, Gravitational physiology, Space tourism, Space flight, Interplanetary flight

Abstract

The historic flight of cosmonaut Yuri Alekeseyevich Gagarin, in 1961, established the need for research regarding the physiological adaptations of the human body when exposed to the space environment. Since then, several morpho-functional transformations – varying between normal and pathological – have been identified within the organisms of astronauts subjected to the extremely disparate environments of the cosmos, consequently, comprehension and preparation of these transformations becomes essential,considering the possibilities (1) of returning to the Moon and (2) of initiating the trip to Mars. Accordingly, the purpose of this article – conceived as a narrative literature review – is to present the main aspects of the physiological modifications within the human body due to the extraterrestrial environment, with emphasis on cardiovascular, renal, hydroelectrolytic, hematological, immunological, respiratory, neurological, psychological, sensory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, musculoskeletal, integumentary, and genetic adaptations.


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Published

2023-12-10

Issue

Vol. 15 (2023)

Section

Review Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Isadora de Carvalho e Silva, Thais Russomano, Ricardo Alves Ferreira, Marli do Carmo Cupertino, Fabíola Alves Alcântara, Mauro Geller, Oswaldo Monteiro Del Cima, Rodrigo Siqueira-Batista

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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