Failure Study of Escape Aid Explosive Cartridge During Life Assessment Trials
Keywords:
EAX cartridge, Failure study, Seat ejection, Pilot safetyAbstract
The objective of research paper describes the failure study of escape-aid explosive (EAX) cartridges that failed during life assessment trials (LAT). The EAX cartridges serve as a critical component that is responsible for converting energetic materials into combustible gaseous products. The cartridges under study provide a delay between the trainer and trainee during the ejection of the seat in an adverse situation. Failure investigation plays an important role in the design and development cycle of EAX cartridges. The novelty in this research is that it attempts to carry out the failure study of the EAX cartridge during LAT. Failures of such devices lead to consequences involving missile launching, seat ejection, harness, bomb release, etc. This research paper focuses on the failure study of EAX cartridges for pilot seat ejection, methodologies for identifying root causes, and solutions for preventive and corrective actions to avoid the recurrence of such failures in the future. By applying a failure study in a systematic way, it is possible to identify the underlying causes of EAX cartridge failures and improve safety measures, reducing the risk of catastrophic failures during ejections. Failure investigation, when applied to the EAX cartridge in ejection seats, helps to identify failures that compromise the pilot’s safety or cause malfunctions in complex systems. From the study, it was inferred that failure of EAX cartridge during life trial might be attributed to improper functioning of cap.
References
Aiasi R, Kazemi S (2018) Root cause analysis in quality problem solving of research information systems: a case study. Int J Prod Qual Manag 24(2):284-298. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPQM.2018.091797
Anggamawarti MF, Alviary LP, Sanjiwani Y, Risonarta VY (2020) Quality analysis of 5.56 mm ammunition defect using Taguchi method: a review. Int J Mech Eng Technol Appl 5:29-35. Available in https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350039463_Quality_Analysis_of_556_mm_Ammunition_Defec _using_Taguchi_Method_A_Review/fulltext/604cafa2a6fdcccfee7b8ed3/Quality-Analysis-of-556-mm-Ammunition-Defect-using-Taguchi-Method-AReview.pdf
Bogusz R, Wolszakiewicz T (2020) The malfunction of a double-base propellant EAX cartridge. High Energy Mater 12(2):92-98. Available in https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348527587_The_malfunction_of_a_double-base_propellant_gas_generator
Cai S, Huang C, Liu K, Li Z, Wu Z (2020) Theoretical and numerical investigations on the headspace of cartridge cases considering axial deformation and movement. Def Technol 16:88-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2019.05.023
Chan EK, Hubbard A, Hsu CC, Vedrine L, Maa YF (2011) Root cause investigation of rubber seal cracking in pre-filled cartridges: ozone and packaging effects. PDA J Pharm Sci Technol 65(5):445-456. https://doi.org/10.5731/pdajpst.2011.00769
Gamage P, Jayamaha NP, Grigg NP (2017) Acceptance of Taguchi’s quality philosophy and practice by lean practitioners in apparel manufacturing. Total Qual Manag Bus Excell 28:1322-1338. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2015.1135729
Parate BA, Deodhar KD, Dixit VK (2021) Qualification testing, evaluation and test methods of EAX cartridge for IEDs application. Def Sci J 71(4):462-469. https://doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16601
Parate BA, Root Cause Analysis for a Gas Generator and Ejection Seat System for Aircraft Applications (2025), Central European Journal of Energetic Materials, 22(2),166-179; https://www.doi.org/10.22211/cejem/205988
Sharma R, Vijayalakshmi E, Reddy R, Tekade P, Singh S, Singh AK (2019) Failure investigation of cartridge case. Procedia Struct Integr 14:738-745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2019.05.092
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bhupesh Ambadas Parate

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0. Authors are free to Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially). JATM allow the authors to retain publishing rights without restrictions.








